Table 1 Main characteristics of SRs of disease and lifestyle

Agrawal [25]

Immigrant

NM

NA

NA

Population-based studies

NA

NA

NOS

Chua [21]

Current smoking status

OR = 1.54(1.06–2.25)

NA

NA

CS CCS

NA

NA

NA

Former smoking status

OR = 1.39(0.95–2.08)

NA

NA

Costenbader [18]

Current smoker versus nonsmokers

OR = 1.50(1.09–2.08)

NA

NA

CS CCS

Yes/Yes

Yes

NA

Former smoker versus nonsmoker

OR = 0.98(0.75–1.27)

NA

NA

Janowsky [23]

Silicone breast implants

RR = 0.65(0.35–1.23)

0.530

NA

CS CCS CSS

NA

No

NA

Jiang [19]

Current smokers compared with nonsmokers

OR = 1.56(1.26–1.95)

NA

56.3%

CS CCS

Yes/No

No

NA

Ex-smokers versus nonsmokers

OR = 1.23(0.93–1.63)

NA

62.3%

CS CCS

Yes/Yes

No

NA

Parisis [20]

Current smokers versus never-smokers

OR = 1.49(1.06–2.08)

0.010

78.0%

CCS

Yes/No

Yes

NA

Ever-smokers versus never-smokers

OR = 1.54(1.06–2.23)

 < 0.001

86.0%

Former-smokers versus never-smokers

OR = 0.97(0.68–1.38)

0.010

63.0%

Ponvilawan [11]

Atopic dermatitis

OR = 1.46(1.05–2.04)

0.020

63.0%

CS CCS

No/No

Yes

NOS

Sakthiswary [26]

Vitamin D levels

NM

NA

NA

CS CCS

NA

NA

NA

Shigesi [5]

Endometriosis

OR = 1.36(1.07–1.73)

0.010

49.0%

CCS

Yes/No

NA

GRADE

Endometriosis

RR = 1.74(1.10–2.77)

0.020

0.0%

CS

Wang [22]

Vaccinations

RR = 1.50(1.05–2.12)

0.024

71.7%

CS CCS

Yes/Yes

No

NOS

Short vaccinated time

RR = 1.93(1.07–3.48)

0.028

NA

Wang [17]

Alcohol intake

CS CCS

Yes/Yes

Yes

NOS

Mild

OR = 0.85(0.53–1.38)

0.515

76.3%

Heavy

OR = 0.63(0.37–1.09)

0.102

58.3%

Moderate

OR = 0.71(0.55–0.93)

0.012

49.1%

Wongtrakul [12]

Allergic rhinitis

OR = 1.36(1.08–1.72)

0.009

80.0%

CS CCS

No/No

No

NOS

Youssefi [24]

Helicobacter pylori infection

OR = 0.97(0.76–1.23)

0.820

94.9%

CS CCS CSS

No/No

Yes

NA