Adverse drug reactions associated with treatment in patients with chronic rheumatic diseases in childhood: a retrospective real life review of a single center cohort

Table 4 Characteristics of the patients who used glucocorticoids (GCs) and presented adverse drug reactions (ADRs)

Variable	ADRs of glucocorticoid (N = 339)
Variable	Yes n (151)	No n (188)	ρ*
Sex (%)
Female	122 (48.2)	131 (51.8)	0.019
Male	29 (33.7)	57 (66.3)
Age
≤ 16	135 (56.3)	105 (43.7)	< 0.001
> 16 years	16 (16.2)	83 (83.8)
Type of glucocorticoid
Methylprednisolone	3 (12.5)	21 (87.5)	< 0,001
Prednisone	71 (100)	0 (0.0)
Prednisone / Methylprednisolone**	77 (31.6)	167 (68.4)
Dose of prednisone (mg/kg/day) ***
≥ 0,5	91 (58.1)	65 (41.9)	< 0.001
< 0,5	57 (35.8)	102 (64.2)
Disease
JIA	18 (12.8)	123 (87.2)	< 0.001
JSLE	120 (82.8)	25 (17.2)
JDM	13 (24.5)	40 (75.5)

N - number of patients treated with GCs, JIA - juvenile idiopathic arthritis, JSLE - juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus, JDM - juvenile dermatomyositis
* Chi Pearson square or Fisher’s exact P < 0.05
** Prednisone (oral) / Methyprednisolone (pulse therapy) indicates patients treated with GCs and who presented ADRs during the use of combined oral and pulse therapy. Three patients with ADRs and 21 patients in the group without ADRs did not use GCs orally but used pulse therapy only
*** The dose of 30 mg/kg/dose of pulse therapy was not considered in the calculation

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