Table 2 Physical exercise in patients with chronic stable dermatomyositis, polymyositis, or both
From: Physical exercise among patients with systemic autoimmune myopathies
Author | Patients (n) | Protocol (Exercises) | Time (week) | Evaluated Components | Inflammatory markers | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hicks et al. [8] | 1 | Isometric strength | 4 | Isometric strength 3 MVC | ↔ CPK | ↑ Isometric strength |
Wiesinger et al. [10] | 14 | Aerobic | 6 | VO2 peak Isometric strength Activities of daily living | ↔ CPK | ↑ VO2 peak ↑ Isometric strength ↑ Activities of daily living |
Wiesinger et al. [19] | 13 | Aerobic | 24 | VO2 peak Isometric strength Activities of daily living | ↔ CPK | ↑ VO2 peak ↑ Isometric strength ↑ Activities of daily living |
Alexanderson et al. [23] | 10 | Strength Dynamic | 12 | Muscle function Walking distance Quality of life | ↔ CPK ↔ Immune / inflammatory markers | ↑ Muscle function ↑ Walking distance ↑ Quality of life |
aHeikkilä et al. [44] | 22 | Strength Dynamic | 3 | Functional capacity Pain | ↔ CPK | ↑ Muscle function ↔ Pain |
bVarvu et al. [45] | 19 | Strength Dynamic | 3 | Respiratory function (Spirometry) Muscle strength | ↔ CPK | ↑ Respiratory function ↑ Muscle function |
Harris-Love et al. [46] | 1 | Strength Eccentric | 12 | Isometric strength | ↔ Muscle enzymes | ↑ Isometric strength ↑ Concentric strength |
Alexanderson et al. [23] | 8 | Strength Dynamic | 7 | 10–15 MVC Functional capacity | ↔ CPK | ↑ 10–15 MVC ↔ Disease activity ↔ Functional capacity |
Dastmalchi et al. [14] | 9 | Aerobic Strength | 12 | Type of muscle fiber Quality of life Functional capacity | Not reported | ↑ Type I Fiber ↑ Functional Capacity ↑ Quality of Life |
Chung et al. [47] | 37 | Strength Dynamic Creatine supplementation | 20 | Functional capacity Muscle strength Quality of life Pain and fatigue Anxiety and depression | ↔ CPK | ↑ Functional capacity ↑ Muscle strength ↔ Quality of life ↔ Anxiety and depression ↔ Pain and fatigue |
Nader et al. [21] | 8 | Strength Dynamic | 7 | Genes related to inflammation and fibrosis | ↓ CPK | ↓ Genes related to inflammation and fibrosis ↓ Tissue fibrosis |
Munters et al. [12] | 9 | Aerobic | 12 | Aerobic capacity Activity of mitochondrial enzymes | ↔ CPK | ↑ Aerobic capacity ↑ Activity of mitochondrial enzymes |
Munters et al. [20] | 11 | Aerobic | 12 | Aerobic capacity Disability Disease activity Quality of life 5 MVC | ↔ CPK | ↓ Disease activity ↑ Muscle strength ↑ Quality of life ↑ Aerobic capacity ↑ Quality of life |
Mattar et al. [25] | 13 | Strength Dynamic Vascular occlusion | 12 | Muscle strength Functional capacity Quality of life | ↔ CPK↔ Aldolase | ↑ Muscle strength ↑ Functional capacity ↑ Quality of life |
Munters et al. [22] | 15 | Aerobic | 12 | Aerobic capacity Proteomic analysis Molecular profile | ↔ CPK | ↑ Aerobic capacity ↑ Genes related to capillary growth, mitochondrial biogenesis, protein synthesis, cytoskeletal remodeling and muscular hypertrophy ↑ Genes related to the immune and inflammatory response and sarcoplasmic reticulum stress |