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Table 1 Baseline clinical data of the PsA patients, according to intervention group

From: Dietetic intervention in psoriatic arthritis: the DIETA trial

 

Placebo

(n = 33)

Diet-fish

(n = 32)

Diet-placebo

(n = 32)

P

Age (years)

53.6 (10.2)

54.6 (13.7)

51.2 (15.1)

0.591

Women, n (%)

18 (54.5)

17 (54.8)

18 (54.5)

1.001

Length joint disease (months)

157.1 (133.9)

162.8 (140.1)

147.8 (231.4)

0.181

Length skin disease (months)

238.9 (162.8)

216.8 (153.9)

237.4 (227.1)

0.871

Weight (kg)

76.2 ± 16.2

76.5 ± 14.2

80.2 ± 16.1

0.571

Height (m)

1.62 ± 0.09

1.60 ± 0.08

1.62 ± 0.01

0.761

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

28.9 ± 4.9

29.9 ± 5.3

30.5 ± 6.2

0.471

Waist Circumference (cm)

101.8 ± 12.7

103.6 ± 12.8

104.1 ± 14.3

0.771

Comorbidities

    

 Diabetes, n (%)

8 (24.2)

9 (28.1)

3 (9.4)

0.141

 Hypertension, n (%)

15 (45.5)

15 (46.9)

15 (46.9)

1.001

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)

18 (54.5)

12 (37.5)

13 (39.4)

0.271

Skin disease activity

    

 PASI

2.51 ± 3.79

3.41 ± 6.10

3.49 ± 6.31

0.921

 BSA

3.59 ± 7.04

3.74 ± 5.83

5.07 ± 12.6

0.801

Joint disease activity

    

 DAS28-CRP

2.93 ± 1.19

2.83 ± 1.55

2.98 ± 1.35

0.751

 DAS28-ESR

3.56 ± 1.32

3.31 ± 1.21

3.39 ± 1.60

0.611

 Number of tender joints

5.16 ± 6.95

2.53 ± 3.44

3.58 ± 4.32

0.121

 Number of swollen joints

2.91 ± 3.67

2.23 ± 2.60

2.30 ± 3.41

0.661

 HAQ

1.02 ± 0.73

0.84 ± 0.62

0.90 ± 0.71

0.521

PsA concomitant medications

    

 GC, n (%)

5 (15.2)

3 (9.4)

3 (9.4)

0.661

 NSAIDs, n (%)

5 (15.2)

5 (15.6)

2 (6.3)

0.421

 Monotherapy (MTX, LEF or CsA), n (%)

18 (54.5)

23 (71.8)

23 (71.8)

0.231

 TNF blockers, n (%)

15 (45.4)

12 (37.5)

9 (28.1)

0.801

 TNF blockers plus MTX or LEF, n (%)

7 (21.2)

8 (25.0)

6 (18.7)

0.831

Physical activity (IPAQ)

    

 Inactive

21 (72.4)

21 (72.4)

18 (60.0)

0.432

 Minimally active

7 (24.1)

8 (27.6)

12 (40.0)

0.432

 Sufficiently active

1 (3.4)

0

0

0.432

 Active

0

0

0

0.432

 Very active

0

0

0

0.432

MET-minutes/week

945.1 ± 2544.7

781.3 ± 1366.9

817.9 ± 2167.3

0.951

Concomitant medications

    

 Insulin, n (%)

2 (6.1)

4 (12.5)

1 (3.1)

0.331

 Statins, n (%)

10 (30.3)

17 (53.1)

6 (18.7)

0.011

 Antidiabetic, n (%)

7 (21.2)

10 (31.2)

3 (9.4)

0.091

 Antihypertensive, n (%)

14 (42.4)

16 (50.0)

16 (50.0)

0.841

Biomarkers (12 h-fasting)

    

 Triglycerides

168.2 ± 105.8

112.11 ± 40.7

137.7 ± 91.1

0.031

 Total Cholesterol

196.6 ± 37.2

184.9 ± 44.5

205.9 ± 44.2

0.051

 LDL-cholesterol

115.5 ± 27.2

115,3 ± 41.4

130.6 ± 38.5

0.081

 HDL-cholesterol

45.1 ± 12

48.7 ± 11.1

49.5 ± 10.8

0.751

 Glycemia

102.8 ± 29.1

103.6 ± 31.0

102.3 ± 43.7

0.981

 Insulin

20.2 ± 17.1

17.1 ± 13.3

13.0 ± 10.2

0.131

  1. Bold indicates p statistically significant (≤ 0.05)
  2. BSA: Body Surface Activity, CsA: Cyclosporine, D: diet plus placebo, D + S: diet plus supplementation, DAS: Disease Activity Score, HAQ: Healthy Activity Questionnaire, GC: Glucocorticoid, HDL: High Density Lipoprotein, Kcal: Kilocalories, METS: Metabolic Equivalent, MTX: Methotrexate, LEF: Leflunomide, LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein, NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, PASI: Psoriasis Activity Severity Index, PsA: Psoriatic Arthritis, TNF: Tumor Necrosis Factor; IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; METs: Metabolic Equivalents
  3. 1Chi-square test
  4. 2Fisher test