Increased risk of mortality in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary hypertension: a systemic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Subgroup of different causes of death in cohort of SSc-PH patients

Subgroup	No. of studies	Number of patients	Number of patients with PH	Pooled RR
Year of publication
Before 2011 (10 years ago)	4	1021	143	3.71 (1.97, 7.00) *
After 2011 (10 years later)	12	6836	997	2.93 (2.27, 3.78) *
Study duration, years
Less than 10 years	7	1857	255	3.55 (2.43, 5.17) *
More than 10 years	5	2340	246	3.42 (2.08, 5.62) *
Retrospective	4	3660	639	2.51 (1.71, 3.68) *
Quality score
High-quality studies (QS > 8)	8	5264	765	2.91 (2.04, 4.13) *
Low-quality studies (QS ≤ 8)	8	1674	375	3.38 (2.48, 4.60) *

RR: Risk Ratio, PH: pulmonary hypertension, QS: quality score. Data are presented as RR (95% CI). *P < 0.05

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