Table 1 Demographics, clinical and laboratory characteristics of Brazilian APS patients versus other regions
Brazil (n = 88) | Other Regions (n = 327) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Age | 47.6 ± 11.3 | 50.7 ± 13.3 | 0.048 |
Sex (female) | 70 (79.5%) | 213 (65.1%) | 0.01 |
Ethnicity (non-white) | 61 (69.3%) | 61 (23.3%) | < 0.001 |
Criteria APS manifestations | |||
Thrombotic APS | 62 (70.5%) | 239 (73.1%) | 0.62 |
Thrombotic + Obstetric APS | 20 (35.7%)* | 41 (19.2%)** | 0.25 |
History of any arterial events | 37 (42%) | 141 (43%) | 0.86 |
History of any venous events | 53 (60.2%) | 164 (50.2%) | 0.09 |
Catastrophic APS | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (1.2%) | 0.30 |
Non-criteria APS manifestations | |||
Skin ulcers | 6 (6.8%) | 16 (4.9%) | 0.47 |
Livedo | 22 (25.0%) | 34 (10.4%) | < 0.001 |
Thrombocytopenia | 8 (9.1%) | 60 (18.3%) | 0.037 |
aPL Nephropathy | 3 (3.5%) | 12 (4.0%) | 0.86 |
Cognitive dysfunction | 18 (20.5%) | 26 (8.0%) | 0.001 |
Seizures | 14 (15.9%) | 22 (6.7%) | 0.007 |
aPL profile | |||
Lupus anticoagulant (LA) | 77 (87.5%) | 244 (74.6%) | 0.01 |
Anticardiolipin Antibodies (aCL) | 41 (46.6%) | 241 (73.7%) | < 0.001 |
Anti-Beta2-Glycoprotein1 (aB2GPI) | 12 (13.6%) | 205 (62.7%) | < 0.001 |
LA Only | 45 (51.1%) | 64 (19.6%) | < 0.001 |
aCL Only | 8 (9.1%) | 23 (7.0%) | 0.52 |
aB2GPI Only | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (4.0%) | 0.057 |
Double aPL positive | 28 (31.8%) | 91 (27.8%) | 0.46 |
Triple aPL positive | 7 (8.0%) | 136 (41.6%) | < 0.001 |
Baseline thrombotic risk factors | |||
Sedentary lifestyle | 71 (80.7%) | 110 (33.6%) | < 0.001 |
Obesity | 32 (36.4%) | 72 (22.0%) | 0.006 |
Hypertension | 31 (35.2%) | 99 (30.3%) | 0.37 |
Hyperlipidemia | 21 (23.9%) | 91 (27.8%) | 0.46 |
Diabetes | 3 (3.4%) | 21 (6.4%) | 0.28 |
Smoking (ever) | 25 (28.4%) | 117 (35.8%) | 0.20 |
Malignancy | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (0.9%) | 0.37 |