Table 1 – Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of FM patients and controls (n = 216)

Age (years)

50.2 ± 9.5

49.5 ± 9.5

0.582

Body mass index (Kg/m²)

28.2 ± 4.6

27.0 ± 4.9

0.073

Years of education

10.3 ± 4.2

12.2 ± 4.1

0.001

White skin color

87 (80.6)

88 (81.5)

0.862

Functional situation

0.002

 Employed

52 (48.1)

76 (70.4)

 Unemployed

17 (15.7)

14 (13.0)

 Retired

36 (33.3)

18 (16.7)

 Other

3 (2.8)

0 (0.0)

FM diagnosis time (years)

6.4 ± 5.4

–

–

Alcohol consumption

55 (50.9)

–

–

 Number of times during the month (mean)

1.2 ± 2.2

–

–

Smoke

22 (20.4)

–

–

Contraceptive pill

19 (17.6)

–

–

Psychiatric disorder^a

73 (67.6)

–

–

 Mood disorders

57 (52.8)

–

–

 Anxiety disorders

39 (36.1)

–

–

 Other

4 (3.7)

–

–

Psychological or psychiatric treatment

35 (32.4)

–

–

Rheumatic or musculoskeletal condition (n = 80)^a

64 (80.0)

–

–

Hypertension

36 (33.3)

–

–

Diabetes mellitus

9 (8.3)

–

–

Medications aiming pain relief^b

88 (81.5)

–

–

Central Nervous System active medication

77 (71.3)

–

–

Physical exercise

56 (51.9)

–

–

 Number of days per week

1.6 ± 1.9

–

–

 Aerobic exercise

32 (29.6)

–

–

 Anaerobic exercise

11 (10.2)

–

–

 Aerobic and anaerobic exercise

13 (12.0)

–

–

Alternative practice for management pain

63 (58.3)

–

–

Beck Depression Inventory (BDI – II)

22.0 ± 12.7

3.5 ± 2.8

< 0.001

 State - anxiety

28.1 ± 7.8

19.8 ± 5.4

< 0.001

 Trace - anxiety

24.4 ± 5.2

16.4 ± 3.0

< 0.001

Total Brazilian Portuguese Catastrophizing Scale (BP-PCS)

32.5 ± 12.2

–

–

 BP-PCS - Helplessness

14.2 ± 6.0

–

–

 BP-PCS - Magnification

7.5 ± 3.4

–

–

 BP-PCS - Rumination

10.7 ± 3.6

–

–

Resilience

128.3 ± 22.5

–

–

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI - BR)

10.8 ± 4.3

–

–

Central Sensitization (CSI-BP)

58.0 ± 14.8

–

–

Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ)

61.2 ± 18.1

–

–