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Table 3 Studies comprising measurements on gray-scalea

From: The use of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of nail disease among patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review

Studies

Population

Gray-scale

Result

Arbault et al. (2017) [26]

PsA

Nail bed thickness

Mean (SD): 0.5 mm (0.04)

Nail plate thickness

Mean (SD): 2.0 mm (0.42)

Fassio et al. (2017) [28]

PsO

Nail bed thickness

Mean (SD): 0.25 mm (0.05)

Nail plate thickness

Mean (SD): 0.063 mm (0.011)

Healthy controls had lower nail plate and nail bed thickness.

PsA

Nail bed thickness

Mean (SD): 0.25 mm (0.04)

Nail plate thickness

Mean (SD): 0.065 mm (0.014)

Controls

Nail bed thickness

Mean (SD): 0.22 mm (0.02)

Nail plate thickness

Mean (SD): 0.051 mm (0.006)

Acquitter et al. (2016) [30]

Patients with PsO with nail disease

Nail matrix thickness

Median (SD): 1.94 mm (0.69)

Patients with PsO with nail disease presented with significantly higher nail matrix thickness than patients with scalp PsO and/or inverse PsO (p < 0.01).

Patients with scalp PsO and/or inverse PsO

Nail matrix thickness

Median (SD): 1.77 mm (0.54)

Marina et al. (2016) [31]

PsO

Nail bed thickness

Median (IQR): 1.88 mm

(1.71–2.03)

Nail plate thickness

Median (IQR): 0.86 mm (0.60–1.14)

Healthy controls had a statistically significant lower nail plate thickness than patients with PsO (p < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in nail bed thickness variability among groups (p = 0.4621).

Controls

Nail bed thickness

Median (IQR): 1.89 mm (1.78–2.00)

Nail plate thickness

Median (IQR): 0.63 mm (0.59–0.67)

Mendonça et al. (2014) [34]

PsA

NGS

Mean (SD): 0.48 mm (0.50)

Healthy controls had lower NGS than patients with PsA.

Controls

NGS

Mean (SD): 0.00 mm (0.00)

Aydin et al. (2012) [37]

PsO

Nail thickness

Median (range): 0.56 mm (0.3–1.9)

Healthy controls had slightly lower NGS than patients with PsO.

Controls

Nail thickness

Median (range): 0.5 mm

(0.3–0.6)

Gisondi et al. (2012) [38]

PsO

Nail plate thickness

70 patients (50%)

Haddad et al. (2012) [39]

PsO

Nail bed thickness

Mean (SD): 16.0 mm (2.9)

Nail matrix thickness

Mean (SD): 17.5 mm (2.9)

Comparing the three groups, patients with PsO and PsA presented with statistically significant higher values of nail bed thickness and nail matrix thickness than controls (p < 0.0001).

Comparing patients with PsO and PsA, patients with PsO presented with a significantly lower nail matrix thickness than patients with PsA (p = 0.002). No statistically significant differences were observed in nail bed thickness among those groups (p = 0.81).

PsA

Nail bed thickness

Mean (SD): 15.9 mm (3.0)

Nail matrix thickness

Mean (SD): 18.8 mm (3.0)

Controls

Nail bed thickness

Mean (SD): 14.1 mm (1.2)

Nail matrix thickness

Mean (SD): 15.8 mm (0.92)

  1. IQR interquartile range, NGS standard trilaminar appearance of the nail, PD power Doppler, PsA psoriatic arthritis, PsO psoriasis, SD standard deviation
  2. aOnly studies with quantitative results regarding nail thickness, trilaminar appearance, presence of PD signal, and nail resistive index were included in this table