Table 2 Anthropometric data, food consumption and lifestyle characteristics of the participants
Characteristic | Total (n = 2269) | Males (n = 684) | Females (n = 1585) | P value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean or n | SD | % | Mean or n | SD | % | Mean or n | SD | % | ||
Weight (kg) | 67.30 | 14.50 | – | 73.40 | 14.69 | – | 64.64 | 13.67 | – | < 0.001 |
Height (m) | 1.59 | 0.10 | – | 1.66 | 0.07 | – | 1.56 | 0.09 | – | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.01 | |||||||||
Underweight (< 18.5) | 69 | – | 3.0 | 18 | – | 2.7 | 51 | – | 3.3 | |
Normal weight (18.5–25) | 889 | – | 39.2 | 251 | – | 37.4 | 638 | – | 41.1 | |
Overweight (25–30) | 821 | – | 36.2 | 282 | – | 42.0 | 539 | – | 34.7 | |
Obesity (≥30) | 444 | – | 19.5 | 120 | – | 17.9 | 324 | – | 20.9 | |
Energy intake (kcal/d) | 1335 | 578 | – | 1590 | 698 | – | 1225 | 484 | – | < 0.001 |
Carbohydrates (g) | 167.9 | 39.3 | – | 165.1 | 47.6 | – | 169.2 | 35.0 | – | 0.02 |
Proteins (g) | 39.3 | 22.5 | – | 40.0 | 26.4 | – | 39.1 | 20.7 | – | 0.9 |
Lipids (g) | 44.2 | 13.6 | – | 43.8 | 15.7 | – | 44.5 | 12.6 | – | 0.28 |
Trans fat (g) | 2.4 | 2.1 | – | 2.1 | 2.1 | – | 2.6 | 2.1 | – | < 0.001 |
Saturated fat (g) | 13.7 | 5.9 | – | 13.5 | 6.8 | – | 13.9 | 5.5 | – | 0.06 |
Calcium | < 0.001 | |||||||||
Yes | 246 | – | 10.8 | 47 | – | 6.9 | 199 | – | 12.6 | |
No | 2006 | – | 88.4 | 632 | – | 92.4 | 1374 | – | 86.7 | |
Calcium + Vitamin D | 21 | – | 0.9 | 3 | – | 0.4 | 18 | – | 1.1 | 0.11 |
Vitamins | 12 | – | 0.5 | 4 | – | 0.6 | 8 | – | 0.5 | 0.81 |
Physical activity* | ||||||||||
PEL | 1.58 | 0.76 | – | 1.68 | 0.80 | – | 1.54 | 0.74 | – | < 0.001 |
AFO | 2.38 | 0.62 | – | 2.52 | 0.64 | – | 2.32 | 0.61 | – | < 0.001 |
LLA | 1.87 | 0.67 | – | 2.06 | 0.75 | – | 1.79 | 0.62 | – | < 0.001 |
TS | 5.84 | 1.69 | – | 6.27 | 1.77 | – | 5.65 | 1.62 | < 0.001 | |