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Table 5 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with SLE and PAH by NYHA functional classes I/II and III/IV

From: Nailfold capillaroscopy as a risk factor for pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

 

NYHA class I/II n = 9

NYHA class III/IV n = 12

P-value

Female sex, n (%)

9 (100)

11 (91.7)

0.375

Age at SLE diagnosis

26.7 ± 10.9

30.3 ± 9.9

0.219

Age at PAH diagnosis

35.8 ± 11.7

35.3 ± 12.3

0.922

SLE length at PAH diagnosis

9.1 ± 7.5

4.9 ± 4.9

0.138

Smoking, n (%)

1 (11)

0 (0)

0.352

Miscarriage, n (%)

3 (33)

3 (25)

0.676

Pregnancy, n (%)

6 (66.7)

8 (66.7)

1.000

Raynaud’s phenomenon, n (%)

7 (77.8)

10 (81)

0.748

Livedo reticularis, n (%)

1 (11.1)

0 (0)

0.237

Arterial thrombosis, n (%)

0 (0)

1 (8.3)

0.375

Venous thrombosis, n (%)

4 (44.4)

1 (8.3)

0.055

Anti-SM, n (%)

2 (25)

2 (22.2)

0.893

Anti-RNP, n (%)

4 (50)

7 (77.8)

0.232

Anti-Ro, n (%)

2 (25)

3 (33.3)

0.707

Anti-La, n (%)

0 (0)

2 (22.2)

0.156

Positive anti- aCL IgM, n (%)

1 (12.5)

1 (10)

0.867

Positive anti- aCL IgG, n (%)

1 (12.5)

2 (20)

0.671

Positive anti-dsDNA, n (%)

2 (25)

1 (11.1)

0.453

C2 (mg/dL)

85.2 ± 34.3

88.1 ± 28.6

0.859

CH100 (mg/dL)

83.8 ± 30.2

93.1 ± 31.4

0.579

CRP (mg/dL)

3.43 ± 2.01

19.20 ± 50.20

1.000

SLEDAI

2 ± 4.5

3.0 ± 3.4

0.299

6-min walk test

413 ± 14.8

417.7 ± 92.9

0.934

FVC (%)

84.1 ± 17.5

75.7 ± 13.2

0.143

Dco (%)

52.2 ± 8.3

44.5 ± 23.2

0.548

Death, n (%)

1 (11.1)

5 (41.7)

0.125

Nailfold capillaroscopy

 SD pattern, n (%)

4 (66.7)

5 (50)

0.515

 Normal or unspecific

2 (33.3)

5 (50)

 

RHC

 MPAP

47.6 ± 7.7

50.0 ± 14.6

0.654

 CI

2.61 ± 0.66

2.36 ± 0.75

0.441

 PVRI

8.86 ± 3.0

12.62 ± 11.47

0.824

Treatment

 Sildenafil, n (%)

4 (44.4)

8 (67)

0.309

 Bosentan, n (%)

5 (55.6)

5 (41.7)

0.528

 Cyclophosphamide IV, n (%)

4 (44.4)

6 (50)

0.801

 Methylprednisolone IV, n (%)

3 (33.3)

5 (41.7)

0.697

 Oral anticoagulants, n (%)

6 (66.7)

7 (63.6)

0.642

  1. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or n (%). SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, PAH pulmonary arterial hypertension, anti-aCL anticardiolipin, CI cardiac index, CRP C-reactive protein, Dco carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, FVC forced vital capacity, IV intravenous, MPAP mean pulmonary artery pressure, NYHA New York Heart Association, PVRI pulmonary vascular resistance index, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, SLEDAI Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index