Table 3 Demographic data, clinical manifestations and disease activity score in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) patients according to the presence of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH)
Variables | With DAH (at diagnosis) (n = 19) | Without DAH (at last visit) (n = 76) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | |||
Female gender | 14 (74) | 66 (87) | 0.172 |
Disease duration, months | 3 (1–151) | 4 (1–151) | 0.335 |
Current age, years | 13 (9–18) | 13 (3–23) | 0.889 |
Current clinical manifestations | |||
Constitutional | 14 (74) | 8 (10) | < 0.0001* |
Mucocutaneous | 9 (47) | 31 (41) | 0.614 |
Musculoskeletal | 5 (26) | 8 (10) | 0.127 |
Serositis | 12 (63) | 5 (6) | < 0.0001* |
Neuropsychiatric | 4 (21) | 11 (14) | 0.491 |
Nephritis | 16 (84) | 42 (55) | 0.033 |
Current autoimmune thrombosis (APS), n = 90 | 0/16 (0) | 1/74 (1) | 1.000 |
Sepsis | 10 (53) | 7 (9) | < 0.0001* |
Macrophage activation syndrome | 2 (10) | 2 (3) | 0.113 |
Death, n = 94 | 9 (47) | 15/75 (20) | 0.020 |
Current disease activity | |||
SLEDAI-2 K, n = 82 | 18 (5–40) | 6 (0–44) | < 0.0001* |